Wiki+Peer+Review

Assignment Description: Wiki Peer Review || **Review** another Learning Team’s wiki. **Select** content you find interesting or useful. **Address** the following questions**:** · Why is this component important for an e-learning environment? **Support** your answers with solid reasoning or research. **Post** your response to the team’s wiki. ||
 * **Individual**

**Dana's Wiki Peer Review of Learning Team C** **  Team C’s wiki link: http://uop-teamc.wikispaces.com/  ** __Content:__ Multimedia Principle

__Why is this component important for an e-learning environment?__ Team C discusses the multimedia principle on their wiki. On the one page, “Week 3 Team C,” they define the principle and discuss the benefits of using it in an e-learning environment. They define the multimedia principle as combining text and relevant graphics to increase comprehension without cognitive overload. In the e-learning environment, student do not become engaged in a lesson because a professor stands in front of them explaining material, asking thought-provoking question, and engaging students in open conversation and debate. The social atmosphere of the traditional classroom is completely different in an e-learning environment. All of the personal connections made in a typical classroom are not present and therefore cannot sustain active engagement. Instead, an e-learning environment must utilize other principle (including the multimedia principle) to promote student interest and active engagement with the content. Furthermore, Learning Team C does a fantastic job of summarizing the information of the multimedia principle on a different page of their wiki, “Final Week 3 Team C.” Their graphic organizer on this page of the wiki provides a definition of the principle, the advantage of using it, and several effective examples. This page of their team wiki is so well designed and comprehensive, they don’t really even need the detailed descriptions on the page, “Week 3 Team C.”

__How does this component benefit the learner?__ The multimedia principle benefits students in an e-learning environment by “encouraging [them] to engage in active learning by mentally representing the material in words and in pictures and by mentally making connections between the pictorial and verbal representations” (Clark & Mayer, 2011, p. 71). Team C explains on their wiki that that “people increase comprehension when engaged in active learning and this means reading relevant material, organizing material, and integrating the material with existing knowledge.” The anatomy and physiology of learning operates when a person is able to create neurological connections between different synopses in the brain. The more neurological connections a person is able to make with new information, the more likely the person is to retain that information in his/her long-term memory. The multimedia principle promotes development in neurological connections by linking the visual graphic of a concept to the textual component/explanation. When a learner makes connections between the picture and the text, he/she is actively engaged in the learning process. Furthermore, the multimedia principle only benefits learners when relevant graphics are utilized. Graphics that are simply aesthetic and decorative in an e-learning environment may serve as nothing more than a distraction. For that reason, it is essential that the e-course developer select graphics that directly correspond to the textual material and promote the overall learning goal.

__Resource utilized on Team C’s wiki:__ Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2011). E-Learning and the science of instruction: Proven guidelines for consumer and designer of multimedia learning (3rd ed.) San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer.

http://aet-541-teama.wikispaces.com/ I loved the notebook page that is used for the pages in the wiki. Team A defines the multimedia principle as a concept that includes words and graphics in a class presentation. The words can be spoken or printed text. The graphics are drawings, charts, graphs, maps, photos, animations, or video. Research has found that e-learning should consist of words and graphics rather than words alone. Clark & Mayer recommend the need for multimedia presentations because people are more likely to understand material when they engage in active learning. Learners process relevant material in the lesson when it is presented using the multimedia principle. The learner benefits from the use of words and graphics because they work together to create meaning. The learner participates in active learning because they are making connections between the graphics and text. When participating in active learning the learner becomes more engaged and this increases motivation and academic achievement.
 * Joyce's Team A Peer Review**
 * Team A’s Wiki**
 * Team A,**
 * Content**: Multimedia Principle
 * Why is this component important for an e-learning environment?**
 * How does this component benefit the learner?**

Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2011). //E-Learning and the science of instruction: Proven guidelines for consumer and designer of multimedia learning// (3rd ed). San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer.

__Niurka's Team A Peer Review__ http://aet-541-teama.wikispaces.com/

Team A, Your wiki looks very neat, clear, organized, and well designed. I really enjoyed reading the content. The background made me feel relaxed and the idea of bullet part of your on-screen text helps the reader to find the information in a fast manner. Wonderful Job!!! Even when all the information posted in your wiki is interesting, I will choose to address the contiguity principle because you have applied it in your wiki in a very effective manner. The multimedia principle is the core of our learning in this course, but place text or graphics in any order or wherever the e-learning designer finds it pretty is not based on research. Multimedia needs to be supported by research that take the learner to achieve tangible and measurable learning goals. The contiguity principle is a big helper of the multimedia principle. Clark and Mayer (2011) describe the two versions of the contiguity principle as follow: The principle of contiguity involves the need to coordinate printed words and graphics. ....We focus on the idea that on-screen words should be placed near the parts of the on-sreen graphics to which they refer. We recommend that corresponding graphics and printed words be placed near ecah other on the screen (that is contiguous in space).
 * **Why is this component important for an e-learning environment?**
 * __Contiguity Principle 1: Place Printed Words Near Corresponding Graphics__**

Another version of the contiguity deals with the need to coordinate spoken words and graphics. In this section we focus on the idea that spoken words (narration) that describes an event should play at the same time as the graphic (animtion or video) depicting the event. In short, we recommend that corresponding graphics and spoken words be presented at the same time (that is, contiguous- next to each other-in time.
 * __Contiguity Principle 2: Synchronize Spoken Words with Corresponding Graphics__**

When words and pictures are separated from one another on the screen or in time, people must use their scarce cognitive resources just to match them up. This creates what we call //extraneous// //processing//- cognitive processing that is unrelated tothe instructional goal. When learners use their limited cognitive capacity for extraneous processing, they have less capacity to use to mentally organize and integrate the material. In contrast, when words and pictures are integrated, people can hold them together in their working memories and therefore make meaningful connections between them. This act of mentally connecting corresponding words and pictures is an important part of the sense- making process that leads to meaningful earning. ( pp. 93, 102, and 105)
 * **How does this component benefit the learner?**
 * __Psychological Reasons for the Contiguity Principle__**

Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2011). //E-Learning and the science of instruction: Proven guidelines for consumer and designer of multimedia learning// (3rd ed). San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer.

Mary Ann's Team A Wiki Review: Team A’s Wiki Link: http://aet-541-teama.wikispaces.com/

Content: Pretraining Principle

Why is this component important for an e-learning environment? Team A states that the pretraining principle “ ensures that learners know names and characteristics of key concepts and helps with processing the essential material in the lesson that could beoverwhelming to learner's cognitive system.” Clark & Mayer also state that if the concepts and material are too complex for the learner, then pretraining needs to take place prior to the lesson (2011, p. 215). If a lesson contains too many unknown vocabulary words or information, the learner may become overwhelmed. Building vocabulary and background will allow the learner to feel more at ease and have more success understanding what the material.

How does this component benefit the learner? The pretraining principle benefits the learner by introducing new vocabulary and building necessary background. Building a background before teaching a new idea ensures that the learner will understand the news terms in context. “In short, pretraining can help beginners to manage their processing of complex material by reducing the amount of essential processing they do at the time of the presentation”(Clark & Mayer, 2011, p. 215).

Resource: Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2011). //E-learning and the science of instruction: Proven guidelines for// // consumer and designer of multimedia learning // (3rd ed). San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer.